THE STUDY OF VOLCANOES AND SURVEILLANCE
The study of volcanoes is important because they give us information about the processes that occur in the interior of the Earth as seen earlier. During the evolution of the planet, volcanism was the source water and gas that gave rise to the oceans and atmosphere, both vital to the emergence of life. Moreover, its activity is a threat or danger to nearby towns.
In Guatemala, volcanoes are an important topographic barrier, climate modeling, creating fertile soils and are sources of mineral and energy resources (geothermal). All this has contributed to major population centers exist in their surroundings.
To help reduce or prevent damage resulting from the activity of volcanoes, the Unit has INSIVUMEH Volcanology of surveillance systems in the active volcanoes and conducts studies to assess the hazards associated with each of them.
surveillance or monitoring is to measure in a consistent and systematic changes that occur on a volcano. Among these are: seismic activity, ground deformation due to changes in the tilt, ground subsidence or elevation, and changes in temperature and chemical content in fumaroles, hot springs and gases released.
The danger or threat assessment is to study volcanic eruptive history of each volcano to learn about past behavior, the frequency and type of eruptions, distribution, size and properties of the ejecta deposits.
The main hazards caused by the eruption of a volcano are falling pyroclastics (ash, lapilli, scoria, bombs and blocks), or lava flows, pyroclastic flows or prioclásticos, total or partial collapse volcano, lahars or streams of debris, and gases.
Most affect only the areas surrounding the volcano, in a radius of few to tens of kilometers. But others in combination with the weather, especially wind and rain, can be transported long distances, such as ash and streams of mud through the rivers, called lahars . The latter may occur even months after the eruption. Another side effect is acid rain produced by the interaction of rain and strong emission of gas.
As already mentioned earthquakes produce different consequences that affect people in active seismic regions. Can cause much loss of life by demolishing structures such as buildings, bridges and dams. They also cause landslides. Destructive effects of earthquakes, especially submarines, are called tidal waves. Since these waves are not related to the tides is more appropriate to call or seismic waves, tsunamis, their Japanese name. Soil liquefaction is another seismic hazard, especially where there are buildings built on land that has been filled. The soil used as fill can lose all their consistency and behave like quicksand when subjected to shock waves of an earthquake.
· Here I put the views of people of Guatemala anómima to feel their concerns and how they live day in day in this important area of \u200b\u200bvolcanoes.
Opinion 1
There is no doubt that one of these days we're going to play. And the reality is we are not prepared.
I think it important to commemorate the 30 years will realize that we are in an area very prone to these disasters and that is important to be ready, informed and prepared so that it is a great tragedy as happened in 76.
If you can go to talk. Certainly going to be interesting and also important for your safety.
Opinion 2
So far I do not think we're ready, because when houses are built here in Guatemala, which is that you only pay a license and nothing more, but there are no guidelines for the construction, rules that indicate the type of house that can withstand a strong earthquake in the departments much less because people build their home and God help them, not thinking about earthquakes, and on the other hand, the CONRED not proactive but reactive organization, then we're definitely not ready.
is one of the greatest natural phenomena imprediscibles there. But really you who have long known that the government had built hospitals and schools anti seismic, at least. But just chose to health services and education, we are wrong, there is much less control in the construction of private schools, private homes, etc.. May God help us, nothing more.
Opinion 3
in Guatemala I'm sure no one is prepared for an earthquake.
First, because an earthquake is surprising, and in only 30 seconds is capable of causing much damage. See Guatemala, Nicaragua, Mexico and more recently countries such as Iran, Turkey, etc ...
Second, if not most, that houses are just made with appropriate building codes, which makes it like a lottery at the time of an emergency.
Third, do not have enough information to do when an earthquake. Most people have no knowledge of cause and effect of an earthquake. I remember in my childhood was spoken at colleges and schools at the time of an earthquake, I will seek protection under a desk or door frames, as well as not run badly.
why I think that would be good to attend conferences because they are not only free but it helps us to develop a plan to implement at the time of great need. It would also be very important to create and distribute brochures to the public at the time, and talk about it over the media, including print, radio, television and the internet.
· Tips for people in an earthquake. Institute of Seismology, Volcanology, Meteorology and Hydrology (INSIVUMEH). Government of Alvaro Colom. Guatemala
http://www.insivumeh.gob.gt/principal/consejos.htm
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