Guatemala is located on a geologically active terrestrial portion and an example is the current volcanic activity. What is now South America was joined to Africa about 160 million years. At the end of the Jurassic period, about 130 million years, showing displacement of a part of the old continent to the east, thus initiating the separation of what is now South America. They were also emerging small islands, called Proto-Antilles, which eventually moved to the northeast, forming the West Indies. For 100 million years, Africa was completely separated from South America.
Guatemala's territory is situated on three tectonic plates, or parts of them, the Maya block the North American Plate, Block Chorti the Caribbean Plate and the northern part of the Cocos Plate and the Cocos, the first two are continental and oceanic third. Cocos plate collides with the North American Plate, moving below it, causing the phenomenon known as "subduction", causing volcanic activity in the coastal plain of the Pacific Ocean. For its part, the plates of Caribbean and North America collided to form mountain ranges in the area Sierra de las Minas, taking as its starting point the failure of the Motagua River in the valley of the same name.
At the end of the Cretaceous Period, about 80 million years, some land areas of northern Central America, began to emerge, mainly due to volcanic activity and the collision of tectonic plates, forming the core of Central America includes the highlands of Chiapas, central and southern mountainous part of Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador and northern Nicaragua. According to Deng (1969), the relief of northern Central America increased by emanations of volcanic material cracks between tectonic plates. Slowly, in terms of millions of years, Central America was emerging. About 60 million years in North America, including northern Central America, was separated from South America for a marine area, which according to Deng, has been called by other geologists, the Central American canal.
In relation to the structure and geological history, northern Central America is part of the North American continent. Later it emerged the arc that forms the south of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, also by volcanic activity. The mountains are often formed when two tectonic plates collide against each other.
The current South Central (south of Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama) originated from a submarine promontory, which went into a series of volcanic islands are very similar to the smaller islands, as a result of thrust of the Caribbean crust to the Pacific. Emerging Central American archipelago continued to form the rest of Central America, which occurred entirely about two million years, when he finally joined the Central and South America "emerge" a small area was still submerged, is now Panama. The appearance of the Archipelago
Mesoamerican and then shaping the American mass allowed plant and animal migration from north to south and from south to north. This explains why Central America has a very diverse flora and fauna, which comes from both South and North.
In general, the American relief was increased in the course of several million years of volcanic material emanations of the cracks between the plates. This explains the volcanic origin of most soils in the central platform of Guatemala and Central America and the underdevelopment of the soil in the flats of the western Atlantic, as the regions of the Petén, Belize and Yucatan, ie the soils of the central platform with tens of millions of years of training, have acted in the flora and time. The soils of the department of Petén, many karst, have a few million years of development and why it is shallow, the rocks of the southern part of the Petén are predominantly Miocene marine limestones of about 10 million years.
Guatemala's territory is situated on three tectonic plates, or parts of them, the Maya block the North American Plate, Block Chorti the Caribbean Plate and the northern part of the Cocos Plate and the Cocos, the first two are continental and oceanic third. Cocos plate collides with the North American Plate, moving below it, causing the phenomenon known as "subduction", causing volcanic activity in the coastal plain of the Pacific Ocean. For its part, the plates of Caribbean and North America collided to form mountain ranges in the area Sierra de las Minas, taking as its starting point the failure of the Motagua River in the valley of the same name.
At the end of the Cretaceous Period, about 80 million years, some land areas of northern Central America, began to emerge, mainly due to volcanic activity and the collision of tectonic plates, forming the core of Central America includes the highlands of Chiapas, central and southern mountainous part of Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador and northern Nicaragua. According to Deng (1969), the relief of northern Central America increased by emanations of volcanic material cracks between tectonic plates. Slowly, in terms of millions of years, Central America was emerging. About 60 million years in North America, including northern Central America, was separated from South America for a marine area, which according to Deng, has been called by other geologists, the Central American canal.
In relation to the structure and geological history, northern Central America is part of the North American continent. Later it emerged the arc that forms the south of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, also by volcanic activity. The mountains are often formed when two tectonic plates collide against each other.
The current South Central (south of Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama) originated from a submarine promontory, which went into a series of volcanic islands are very similar to the smaller islands, as a result of thrust of the Caribbean crust to the Pacific. Emerging Central American archipelago continued to form the rest of Central America, which occurred entirely about two million years, when he finally joined the Central and South America "emerge" a small area was still submerged, is now Panama. The appearance of the Archipelago
Mesoamerican and then shaping the American mass allowed plant and animal migration from north to south and from south to north. This explains why Central America has a very diverse flora and fauna, which comes from both South and North.
In general, the American relief was increased in the course of several million years of volcanic material emanations of the cracks between the plates. This explains the volcanic origin of most soils in the central platform of Guatemala and Central America and the underdevelopment of the soil in the flats of the western Atlantic, as the regions of the Petén, Belize and Yucatan, ie the soils of the central platform with tens of millions of years of training, have acted in the flora and time. The soils of the department of Petén, many karst, have a few million years of development and why it is shallow, the rocks of the southern part of the Petén are predominantly Miocene marine limestones of about 10 million years.
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